THE USE OF RADIOLOCATION AND GPS TO ENHANCE 
MAPPING ACCURACY AT WAKULLA SPRINGS

 
 
Digital Wall Mapper
Digital Wall Mapper
Brian L. Pease
567 Fire St.
Oakdale, CT 06370
Task-Loaded Divers
Task-Loaded Divers

 
SUMMARY

        Low Frequency Radiolocation gear was used extensively during the Wakulla II expedition to enhance the accuracy of a 3D map of the extensive 300 foot (90 m) deep underwater cave system at Wakulla Springs State Park in Florida.  Careful Radiolocation work found  the position directly above 38 marked points in the spring to within one meter. The UTM coordinates of these surface points were initially determined to within 4 meters using  simple US Coast Guard DGPS gear.  Later, each surface point was Precisely located to within approximately 1cm using a combination of Real-Time Phase-Differential GPS and conventional surveying with a "Total Station".  These locations were used to correct for drift in the Inertial Navigator guidence system in the underwater Digital Wall Mapper used to create the map.


 
 
A  BRIEF  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  EXPEDITION AND  TO  THE  GPS  AND  RADIOLOCATION  GEAR

 
Line Map of Cave
Line Map of the Underwater Cave System (WKPP)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

FOR  MORE  DETAILS SEE

Topo Map of the area with some Radiolocated points
Topo Map of the Area With Some Radiolocated Points

 
THE  ART  OF  RADIOLOCATION

 
PRACTICAL DIFFERENTIAL  GPS

 
SURVEYING WITH TRIMBLE PRECISION GPS

 
ANALYSIS  OF  ERRORS

 
The Brave New World Without Selective Availability



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